ADEME commissioned Artelys and Gingko21 to conduct a life cycle analysis of use cases for the development of electricity storage. For each use case, Artelys studied the impact of adding storage to the electrical system. This impact is then translated into a life cycle analysis by Gingko21 in order to determine the environmental impact of the storage system.
This initial study focuses on the addition of photovoltaic panels for self-consumption, with or without an associated battery storage system, for a single building. The analysis is carried out for two types of buildings (a residential house or an office building) in different geographical areas (France, studied here on the Mediterranean coast – climate zone H3 –, Martinique and Réunion). This study is carried out in a comparative manner to better understand the effects of self-consumption with storage on different electrical systems. The impacts assessed are therefore those resulting from the addition of photovoltaics with or without storage, without seeking to quantify the environmental impacts of all the electricity consumed by the modelled building. In order to assess the impact of different production systems on the electrical system, Artelys modelled the electricity mixes for each geographical area and the buildings studied using Artelys Crystal Super Grid software.
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